Czy technologia wyświetlania kolorowego telewizora następnej-generacji będzie oparta na technologii OLED? Być może, gdy pięć lat temu LG energicznie promowało produkty OLED, nie było w tej kwestii żadnego suspensu. Jednak stojąc przed wyzwaniem mikro LED w 2020 roku, perspektywy kolorowego telewizora OLED, a nawet OLED w większej liczbie dziedzin, stają w obliczu zmiennych!
Giganci reorganizują swoje myślenie
Samsung Display announced in October 2019 that it will invest US10.85 billion to develop QD-OLED screens and build production lines, and mass-produce them in the third quarter of 2021. This will be after LG, another large-scale panel company will get involved in large-scale OLEDs. Display panel. For a long time, this investment was considered a sign that OLED's future dominance has been established.
However, in September 2020, according to Korean media reports, there was a disagreement between Samsung Electronics and Samsung Display, and Samsung Electronics was hesitant to adopt QD-OLED screens. At the same time, the media reported that Samsung Electronics may launch color TV products with a new system of panel technology of "microLED plus QD filter film" next year. What's more, according to media reports, TCL will debut QD-OLED at the German IFA show in 2021 (September). If TCL wins the top spot for Samsung Display's QD-OLED panel, it also shows that Samsung Electronics itself is not in the future for the technology. Certainty" attitude.
In addition, LG, the earliest mass producer of OLED TVs and the only supplier of large-size OLED panels, is also laying out new micro LED technology products: LG launched a large-size TV LG MAGNIT on September 10 Micro LED screen and the company's proprietary Black Coating display technology.
Japanese media news also reported that Sharp, the pioneer of the modern semiconductor display industry, the father of LCD, will use these assets for "investment" after acquiring the land, plant and ancillary equipment of Japan Display Inc (JDI) Hakusan Factory for 40 billion yen. Micro LED and other next-generation panels". Sharp's subsidiary "Sharp Fukuyama Semiconductor" has tried out 0.38-inch, pixel density 1,053ppi full-color and 0.13-inch, 3,000ppi high-definition blue monochrome Micro LED panel products, which can be used in VR products. These RD projects are "similar to the target market" of the Micro LED technology company that Apple acquired in 2014. As for JDI's Baishan factory, which has been discontinued for more than a year, its biggest customer before this was Apple.
In the domestic industry, the first phase of Konka's Micro LED project has been completed, TCL has established a Micro LED RD center in Xiamen, the first domestic panel company to set foot in OLED, Visionox has invested in a Micro LED project in Chengdu...LED extension, packaging and tradition The Micro LED investment in the LED large screen industry chain is even more numerous.
If it is said that the most enthusiastic investment project of local color TV companies 5 years ago is OLED, the investment scale of nearly 400 billion in 7 6-generation OLED lines is rare in the world; then, now, new projects are undoubtedly carried out around Micro LED—— Although Micro LED has not yet truly formed a popular and mature technology, its investment scale has not been significantly enlarged, but the tens of billions of planning and dozens of participating companies still make it the biggest winner of "advanced display" technology. "
Industry insiders said that in 2020, the wind direction of the next-generation display selection is "dramatically changing." In the battle between Micro LED and OLED, the balance is tilted towards Micro LED technology on a large scale for the first time.
Behind the change", where is Samsung's worries
Faktem jest, że Samsung zainwestował zarówno w QD-OLED, jak i QD-Micro LED. Dwie technologie na folii filtracyjnej QD są również bardzo powszechne, a technologia podłoża szklanego TFT o wysokiej mobilności elektronów jest również bardzo taka sama: różnica polega tylko na trzech kwestiach: czym jest składnik niebieskiego światła, do jakiej technologii integracja i jaki jest efekt.
According to South Korean media reports, on QD-OLED products, after testing, it was found that TVs using QD-OLED screens did not meet Samsung's expectations in terms of brightness, and serious burn-in problems would occur. In terms of luminous efficiency, comparing organic OLEDs and inorganic LEDs, the latter certainly has higher efficiency, higher brightness, longer life, and more stable working conditions. This may not mean that OLEDs are not good, but that LEDs are better.
Therefore, Samsung Electronics may prefer to launch QD-Micro LED products in 2021 instead of QD-OLED. Prior to this, Samsung has launched THE WALL Micro LED giant screen display products, and has accumulated more in the mass transfer process of Micro LED materials. At the same time, the QD quantum dot color conversion and light filtering system of QD-OLED can also be used for the "colorization" of the mass transfer panel of pure blue Micro LED material-that is, the choice of QD-Micro LED may not mean technology The maturity is not as good as QD-OLED.
Jednocześnie trudność technologii Micro LED polega na ogromnym transferze, ale jeśli użyje się tylko niebieskich diod LED, uniknie się trudności i kosztów pracy związanej z transferem trzech kolorów podstawowych, a wydajność można znacznie poprawić. Trudność produktów OLED polega na parowaniu materiału. Nawet jeśli nie są używane trójkolorowe materiały OLED, tylko niebieskie materiały OLED napotykają problemy, takie jak parowanie wielowarstwowe-, które należy stosować w celu uzyskania wystarczającej jasności.
Dlatego też, jeśli technologia koloryzacji konwersji QD jest dojrzała i możliwa do zrealizowania, decydującym wyborem będzie to, czy warstwa emitująca światło niebieskie- wykorzystuje materiały OLED czy LED: to jest obecny wybór firmy Samsung i wybór jej nowego systemu. Telewizor w 2021r. W tym pytaniu wielokrotnego-wyboru zalety jasności i trwałości materiałów LED są oczywiste. Pozostaje tylko to, że obaj mają problemy z dystrybucją powłok,-rozwiązanie tego problemu lub kto może go lepiej rozwiązać, będzie kluczem do ostatecznej decyzji.
However, the advantage of Micro LED is that it is not only overlapping competition with OLED technology, but has more "transcendence" performance-the latter is the biggest "killer" of Micro LED technology.
I can what others can't: Micro LED killer application
If only the brightness is higher and the screen does not burn, it is difficult for Micro LED to kill the mainstream trend of OLED, because the latter has already occupied the first-mover advantage. Micro LED's catching up must be based on "unique competitiveness".
First, 100 plus inches, Micro LED is basically a technology of "who I am". At present, OLED and liquid crystal displays must rely on TFT glass substrates. The latter's highest 10.5/11 generation line basically determines: the largest mass production economic size is around 85 inches. On the contrary, the integrated technology of Micro LED products is "spliced wall" display, which makes "large size transportation unrestricted" on the one hand, and "size can be infinitely large" on the other hand. At present, brands including Konka and Leyard have launched 4K-level, 120-inch smart TVs based on Micro LED technology.
One of the application directions of TV products is "large size." The core label of high-end TV is also "bigger picture." In this regard, Micro LED undoubtedly has the advantage of advancement-tens of inches to hundreds of inches are not a problem. Moreover, OLED relies on glass substrate technology, and the larger the size of the manufacturing, the more difficult it is; Micro LED splicing technology not only has no large-size problems, but at the same resolution, the larger the size, the lower the technical difficulty of transferring LED crystals.
Po drugie, w przypadku produktów 0X-calowych i X-calowych zalety technologii Micro LED w zakresie jasności i oszczędzania- są szczególnie widoczne. Na przykład, aby kontrolować ogólną przyczepność produktu, telefon komórkowy Apple 12 musiał ściśle kontrolować rozmiar produktu, co doprowadziło do braku pojemności baterii. W kontekście spełnienia wymagań dotyczących zużycia energii przez aplikacje 5G dla większej liczby funkcji, musiał poświęcić wysokie zużycie energii, takie jak częstotliwość odświeżania 120 Hz. Dodatkowa wydajność.
In the same way, whether it is wearable products such as smart watches and VR, or evolving mobile phones, or other innovative smart display applications in the future, as long as they are "mobile", they must "consider energy conservation." In this regard, the combination of LED's high-brightness characteristics and energy-saving characteristics has become an ideal solution. This is also the key to Apple's investment in Micro LED display panel technology research and development in 2014-on wearable devices and mobile devices, at least there is currently no more ideal display technology path than Micro LED.
Moreover, the high-brightness and energy-saving characteristics also help Micro LED manufacture "transparent screens"-that is, when most of the screen area is used for transparency, and only a small part of the area is used for pixel structure and display, it can also ensure the brightness level of the display effect. This feature may bring innovative display product applications. For example, reflective transparent rearview mirrors for vehicles.
To sum up, in addition to the possibility of overlapping competition with liquid crystal and OLED, Micro LED display has its own unique market advantage. It is the latter that makes Micro LED the "innovative direction that must be laid out" for many display technology companies. For the next-generation display, the next-generation color TV products, Micro LED is not only a competitor of OLED, but also a market complement to its technical deficiencies: the dual roles obviously increase the odds of Micro LED in future route selection.
Kto może wygrać przyszłość, technologia LCD też ma coś do powiedzenia
In the face of the next generation of color TV, and even the next generation of VR, smart watches, car and other display systems, the technology route of the dispute, the liquid crystal display technology is not "out of the box." Liquid crystal display technology is participating in this contest between OLED and Micro LED in its own unique way.
That is, for most consumer electronic devices, the first requirement for display technology is still "cost-oriented." The maturity of the LCD industry chain is unparalleled. It can at least provide "key display equipment" in all current display demand scenarios. ——Not the best, the effect is not ideal, but the LCD is still usable. This determines that the "low-end market for the masses" is still the world of liquid crystals.
Moreover, in the era of the dispute between plasma display and liquid crystal display, the low-end mass market that the two face is traditional CRT technology: CRT TVs and LCD or PDP plasma TVs have "too much difference in effect"-not only the CRT is bulky, but also the picture The size is difficult to break through 34 inches (16:9 products only 32 inches). This determines that it is difficult for CRT to have a real competitive advantage by relying on "mature industrial chain and low-cost prices."
At present, LCD liquid crystal display technologies other than OLED and Micro LED are "flat and ultra-thin" products with OLED and Micro LED in the final product form, and there are many overlaps in the product size line-especially In contrast to LCD and OLED, the product size lines almost completely overlap. This makes it difficult for OLED and Micro LED to shake the competitive advantage of liquid crystal display under the "mature industrial chain and low-cost price".
That is, the battle between OLED and Micro LED will be "pure" high-end competition: whether it is large-size TV, or VR silicon-based OLED and silicon-based Micro LED, it is bound to be "high-end competition" first. This kind of competition is very sensitive to which effect is better between "OLED and Micro LED".
The market position and characteristics of liquid crystal products limit the rules of competition between OLED and Micro LED-that is, the battle for high-end performance. "Industry experts believe that this may be the "key" for Samsung's hesitation between QD-OLED and QD-Micro LED. This law also determines that the contest between OLED and Micro LED may not wait until the period of large-scale application. A "conclusion" can be drawn.
Of course, Samsung Electronics' QD-OLED and QD-Micro LED controversy, most of the current information is still "the media's catching shadow": the real decisive result will not be known until the launch of Samsung's annual TV flagship in 2021. However, there can be no waves without wind, and rumors always have reasons: OLED and Micro LED have developed into "competitors" in the direction of future display technology, and are likely to decide the outcome in the near future. This is a well-known "big" event in the industry.
